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Linux is actively hostile to out-of-tree drivers. There is no stable driver API, and interfaces change at the drop of a hat. Maintaining an out of tree driver is a constant nightmare where you're always dealing with interfaces changing out from under you.

I wrote and maintained 10GbE drivers for a small company in the 2000s, and just the SHIM file for our driver on Linux to massage over API differences was well over 1000 lines. I think it was close to the same size as the entire driver for one of the BSDs.

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A counterpoint: I recently asked Claude to port an obsolete ~2010 driver to latest kernel by asking Claude to "make it work". Few builds later and few crashes later, I had a working driver, with DMA, modern Io map protection, etc.

It's not a nightmare anymore to port drivers


GP meant moving the driver into userspace, which is much less painful due to the stable userspace APIs.

I’m not sure the GP did mean that, but I agree it’s a much better solution than maintaining an out-of-tree kernel module, which is generally a really bad idea



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