Mostly by checking teardowns and reviews - that’s the one thing Amazon reviews are still good for - check them, especially the ones with a more negative sentiment and form an opinion based on that…

Also, certain brands more or less got similar issues over all the product ranges, for example power supplies giving up on Hisense TVs, compressors on certain fridge manufacturers etc - there are patterns to look out for - especially when the product has been on the market for some time.