Each one of these systems has a better replacement, but not all of the industry has moved to it.
The largest related issue I believe is that the use of “knowledge databases” by credit bureaus (and all of the companies and governments that trust credit bureaus).
Each of these has been solved, but until the last system using the inferior authentication is upgraded, they all remain weak points. I have argued that the US (or each state) should create a digital certificate system similar to Estonia’s “digital residency card” or S Korea’s online transaction signing (although hopefully not implemented as an ActiveX control for Internet Explorer 5).
The EU is actually federating systems like that under an umbrella of regulations and technical services called eIDAS [1]. I haven't been able to use it in too many places yet, but if it takes off (which is a pretty load-bearing "if", to be clear), I think it could be an important step towards making these systems usable internationally.
Especially the US, which seems to prefer to handle ID card issuance at the state or even municipal level, could benefit from a federated approach like that – assuming that people would be willing to trust their local/state government to that extent, in any case.
> assuming that people would be willing to trust their local/state government to that extent
We have too many religious people who fear government ID cards are the “mark of the beast”. We still can’t get all states to migrate to RealID, which includes a digital verification method within the ID (something stronger than a barcode).
The largest related issue I believe is that the use of “knowledge databases” by credit bureaus (and all of the companies and governments that trust credit bureaus).
Each of these has been solved, but until the last system using the inferior authentication is upgraded, they all remain weak points. I have argued that the US (or each state) should create a digital certificate system similar to Estonia’s “digital residency card” or S Korea’s online transaction signing (although hopefully not implemented as an ActiveX control for Internet Explorer 5).