Important detail -- not just can, but have to work. Not working in soviet union was a crime with only cop-out being parental leave (for women only) or retirement. Women also were present in the military, but didn't have to. Regarding specific occupations -- there was a lot of de-facto segregation, with some jobs being exclusively done by women.

Non-obvious consequence here -- if everybody has to work and compensation is as flat as possible, there are no partner alimonies, which obviously affects gender dynamics. Sprinkle in WW2 which wreked gender balance for generations, you get lasting changes in a society.