+1 from here for CLion, and also WebStorm from JetBrains. IMO the best software development IDEs currently, VSCode is good but ultimately it feels a bit hacky compared to what JetBrains offers.

I have been curious on CLion for some time. What holds me back is the price and the fact that it is written in Java (I know, the last one is a really bad reason).

What are the main pros compared to VSCode?

It's a full IDE rather than a text editor with some IDE-like functionality. Most importantly (to me): much better refactoring tools and much better debugging tools.

No need to immediately hand over money, there's both a free 30-day trial, and you can regularly get an early access (i.e., beta) version of the new version for free.

Yep, I just started using CLion this year and it's very good.