Those vaccination cards are a joke. Photoshop and a bit heavier than normal card stock is all you need. Is there a central database where vaccinated are kept? I’d assume for reporting, yes. But in 2021, we get a glorified business card that is trivial to fake. Ah, government.
We do have digital certs in Europe (as mentioned in other comments). I don't know why the article mentions Europe, the cards aren't used to check vaccination here.