Most H-1B to green card conversions are never really offered as competitive jobs. The job postings are so ludicrously specific that they are targeted to that one exact person. Plus, the pay is always lower.
If we can't do the job ourselves, we shouldn't have the job.
Do you have a source for that "the pay is always lower" comment? As far as I know, visa status doesn't affect compensation for employees in the same full-time role at FAANG + Microsoft, though I only have direct experience with one of these companies.
All the h1b salary data is public. If you search any of the Faang companies, the salaries seem in line with market rates. I would also love to see a study that shows otherwise.
I don't think the stock options would be public, since it's discretionary at most companies, and varies from person to person. Anecdotal as it is, from my experience at Microsoft the stock sign-on and annual bonus don't correlate with visa status.
If we can't do the job ourselves, we shouldn't have the job.