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IMO, Kubernetes isn't inevitable, and this seems to paint it as such.

K8s is well suited to dynamically scaling a SaaS product delivered over the web. When you get outside this scenario - for example, on-prem or single node "clusters" that are running K8s just for API compatibility, it seems like either overkill or a bad choice. Even when cloud deployed, K8s mostly functions as a batteries-not-included wrapper around the underlying cloud provider services and APIs.

There are also folks who understand the innards of K8s very well that have legitimate criticisms of it - for example, this one from the MetalLB developer: https://blog.dave.tf/post/new-kubernetes/

Before you deploy something, actually understand what the pros/cons are, and what problem it was made to solve, and if your problem isn't at least mostly a match, keep looking.


This is the most esoteric post I've seen on HN in a while.

How many museum curators who need non-yellowing flexible thermoplastic are there on here?


This post has exactly zero relevance to my professional career or personal projects, and this is exactly the type of esoteric content I love about HN!

Oil painter here, this is news to me and if it doesn't dissolve in gamsol this is EXACTLY what I've been looking for for about 2 years.

I followed the link to flexographic ink, and now I'm wondering whether boutique fine art flexography could or should exist. Like lithography, but more plastic.

What's the application?

It is used to strengthen materials. For example if plaster has crumbled, or the paint on a canvas has become flakey, or wood rotten, Paraloid B-72 can be used to hold everything together. The issue is that generally it is not reversible. Therefore one should always look at varnishes that can easily be removed and reapplied, but sometimes only Paraloid can hold everything toghther.

I meant in regards to use with gamsol but thanks for the insight

Yes, but that esoteric nature is the charm of HN at its best.

This is unusual as posts go, but it's not totally unreasonable and even though I wouldn't have an immediate use, it's fascinating, leads to further exploration (like another commenter mentioning the inks) and knowledge gets filed away.

I try to remember posts like this when people are less positive about HN! :-)


I use paraloid all the time, a bit surprised to see it posted here but I’ll support it.

I'm new to it and having trouble finding guides:

- how do I apply it as a coating? I want it to be ~ 1/6" to 1/8" thick and as hard as possible

- will turpentine dissolve or soften it?



I'm reading that turp does not dissolve it, which is ideal so I can mix paint on top of it.

It's a relatively soft plastic and I don't think you can realistically build a uniform, good-looking layer that's 1/8" thick, if that's what you mean. If you need that thickness, high hardness, and nice appearance, I think your best bet is just a sheet of glass or acrylic on top.

It can be used as protective varnish, but that would be a very thin layer, probably 0.1 mm or something like that.


Does it not level from gravity like other resins?

It's solvent-based, so it won't set well in thick layers and it will shrink significantly as the solvent evaporates. You can do thick layers with solvent-free thermoset resins such as epoxy, but epoxy will yellow over time.

Purchase as crystals and dissolve in acetone or ethanol to desired concentration. It will self level based concentration, allow to evaporate before applying next layer

Not many, but there are a few amateur and professional musicians here benefitting from better piano hammers made possible by Paraloid B-72!

Note: I thought this was about Polaroid, not Paraloid, at first!


As someone who repairs and collects old computers, it might be one more tool.

The issue is that it does yellow but after 25 to 50 years. The challange is that it is very difficult to reverse.

On the restoration of my house I allow its use on very specific cases. It very useful for example in strengthening wood that has rotten. Sometimes Paraloid is the only thing that can be used, but it needs to be used with care.



Agreed. My gf uses it regularly as she's a furniture restorer, finding the definition here it's a bit of a surprise, though. Great, unique material.

It does not turn yellow, Paraloid B66 does. B72 has a low Tg, 40°C, so it can soften and creep when warm

It does discolor over time. The point is that one should be thinking about the impact over centuries and not years. It needs to be used with care and other alternatives need to always be considered.

For a painting or building that has survived for half a millennium we need use methods that will preserve the object for another 500 years.

Too many times I hear people say we will just use Paraloid.


Didn't really know of the different 9(!) versions of it. Thanks for pointing it out.

Paleontologist and probably going to be doing pre-museum prep for some stuff here in the fall.

Although we're cheap so we usually use butvar (polyvinyl butyral).


I'm especially curious about the high upvote count, considering the Wikipedia article as well as the substance in general is not that interesting IMHO.

The high number of upvotes is the same phenomenon as the comment chain full of people patting themselves on the back for enjoying estoteric content on HN. They didn't read it, they just like to imagine themselves as the sort of person who would read it. They probably have an apartment with a shelf full of curated tastefully selected novels that were purchased used for the proper patina and arranged just so, and then forgotten until it's time to subtly attract their guests attention to how clever they are. They probably have a couple Hemingway references they have memorized and bring out when the time is right.

You must be fun at parties.

I've done some DIY piano maintenance and I saw what was presumably this available to firm up the hammers. My piano needs them softened, though.

Yes it mentioned firming piano hammers in the article. From what I remember, a piano hammer is a shaped piece of wood (or several?) with a leather strip around the striker part? What is the difference for you between hardening and softening the hammer, and how would it be done with this .. is it penetrating? (acetone base would enable that, it is used for carrying chemicals through a surface). Could you soften the hammers by replacing the leather strips, or soaking them to loosen & expand the presumably compacted fibres?

In my wider life in the UK, speaking to people associated with pianos (from a piano tuner, to school premises teams), it is often not worth the commercial expense to repair old pianos unless they are of particularly good quality or have some sentimental value.


The hammer is felt around wood. You don't replace the felt, you'd replace the entire hammer, but then you'd likely want to replace all the hammers to get matching sound anyway.

There's a solution you can add to soften the hammers, but I don't know what chemical it is or how well it works since I haven't tried it yet; you can also needle the felt to fluff it up.


They should make non-yellowing transparent phone cases out of this stuff.

Eh, Gundam is Japan's Star Wars. Released about the same timeframe (late 70's), tons of sequels and spinoffs, etc.

Evangelion is what happens when someone does a very successful riffs on the genre that Gundam is the most prolific example of.


More like Dragon Ball, which was half-inspired by Journey to the West, Superman, T2 and whatnot.

wouldn't it be more accurate to say its their star trek? admittedly not a gundam fan but I don't see it talked about or merchandised nearly as often as evangelion.

Maybe not in Western countries, but Gundam is HUGE in Japan and neighboring countries like Taiwan. A big part of it is that the merchandise is heavily focused on model kits, like Warhammer on steroids.

Oh yeah, I forgot about gunpla. I think the reason I'm so unfamiliar with that side of the mecha world is that it's so fractured if that makes sense. I have friends into it that I could ask but I don't need another expensive hobby haha

AMD's Hawaii architecture had 320GB/s on a 512b GDDR5 bus in 2013.

The Fiji XT architecture after it had 512GB/S on a 4096b HBM bus in 2015.

The Vega architecture did have 400GB/s or so in 2017, which was a bit of a downgrade.


Kyoto station is a great example of this. It's enormous inside, with a hotel on the top, event facilities, and a ton of retail all over.

https://www.kyotostation.com/kyoto-station-building-faciliti...


It's actually a bad example - there is barely anything around Kyoto station except a few hotels and some shopping malls. The main shopping/entertainment area and almost all tourist attractions are north of it, requiring connection by bus or subway.

The areas around major stations in basically any other city are far more developed. Look at Osaka-Umeda for example. I don't know if that's due to the historical buildings or the relative lack of good railway within the city itself (Kyoto is mostly a hub to get between other lines)


> there is barely anything around Kyoto station

This is simply not true. Kyoto station is probably the most densely packed shopping / entertainment area in the city.

Source: I live in Kyoto.


I don't live there now but I did for a long time.

The original comment was "I think that though we are a railway company, we consider ourselves a city-shaping company." Kyoto is absolutely not built around its station. Walk a few blocks away and there's nothing but regular apartments! The true centre is Shijo Kawaramachi.


Eh.

The station itself is a pretty active hub. We arrived there 9:30 AM to visit teamLabs Kyoto (which is just walking distance away from the station) and it was already pretty packed in the station.

But I think your observation/comment maybe misses the mark: the rail operators may still end up owning some of the commercial real estate nearby whether it's office buildings, hotels, etc. It doesn't all have to be shopping or dining, just that the rail operating owning the real estate near the transit hubs provides an incentive to provide service to that hub to create more value from those holdings.


In my travels through Japan and Taiwan, rail stops are almost always hubs of economic activity of all sorts. It's a selling point when searching for accommodations while planning trips. Easy access to food and shopping. Taiwan night markets in cities, for example, are almost always near major rail station of some kind (light, metro, train). No need to go very far to get from one point of interest to another.


and of https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47762060 which is the same article under a different URL.

Dogs have the same failure mode, except also influenced by non-domesticated canines such as coyotes and wolves, so a worse attack vector.

Sometimes API compatibility is an important detail.

I've worked at a few places where single-node K8s "clusters" were frequently used just because they wanted the same API everywhere.


This is exactly the problem - early on there was a lot of "low hanging fruit" in science - entire new areas where our tools and capabilities for discovery and analysis got way better very quickly. Think of everything that better telescopes, scanning electron microscopy, and computerization allowed.

Complaining that "Why doesn't progress go fast like before?!" when the newest tool-side improvement is a slightly faster CPU or a new clanker model.

I think there's this group of folks who are like "Why don't we have flying cars?" and eventually realize the problem is physics, but have to somehow blame people instead.


> This is exactly the problem - early on there was a lot of "low hanging fruit" in science - entire new areas where our tools and capabilities for discovery and analysis got way better very quickly. Think of everything that better telescopes, scanning electron microscopy, and computerization allowed.

This trope gets repeated every so often but it's just a trope. In 1900s people felt all physics was solved, then came relativity and the photoelectric effect. In the 1940s, after the second world war, atomics was the ultimate of physics, then we developed transistors. Until 1950s, sand was basically a worthless resource, and now, good quality silica commands a high price in the global marketplace. Truth is, there are many low-hanging fruit, we cannot even guess what we don't know when we don't know it. I wager that we have barely scratched the surface of what is possible.

It's still possible to make ground-breaking innovations. In fact, they come with regularity, along with all the pulp that qualifies as research nowadays. Here's an example from my field: https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~odonnell/hits09/gentry-homomorphic-e...


Past performance is never a guarantee of future performance, that's a gambler's fallacy. Just because we found out more groundbreaking stuff before, doesn't mean we will continue to do so.

There are actually hard limits to things, too. For example, we basically can't make transistors any smaller. Like, physically it's not possible.


"physics being solved" feels like it backs the original refinement point - we still use the formulas of Newtonian physics in non-extreme cases, and while those extremes definitely matter in important areas (nuclear power generation, semiconductors), they feel more like exceptional circumstances.

In any case, I agree with the argument for funding more general research because we don't know where the next advance will happen, and even a discovery that only applies in exceptional/narrow cases can have a lot of value.


It would be great to get one of these that supports the OpenSubsonic API, which has become a defacto standard for opensource music servers.

Would be music-only, which is sometimes ideal for older devices.


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