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This is political. Keep it off hacker news.


Everything is political.

Being "apolitical" is just an implicit endorsement of the status quo.


I can't believe this is such an unpopular opinion. I don't think HN is a place for me anymore.


[flagged]


> Federal law trumps state law.

Constitution trumps Federal law.

Tenth Amendment:

> The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

The Feds are welcome to enforce immigration law. They cannot require California to participate. https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/amdt10-4-2/AL...


> Federal law trumps state law.

This is absolutely not true in general, and the constitution explicitly circumscribes the jurisdiction of federal law.


It's also a very divisive and sensitive topic.

I think we've been playing "everyone gets along" for far too long, and it's become obvious to the meek that people are gaming the system whilst pretending to get along. A correction is necessary, and that's precisely what you're witnessing here.


The "no talking politics" crowd are just enforcers of the current power structure.


Managed to make a massive cursor and it was broadcasted to the whole party. Had some fun hacking this with Chrome dev tools.

Was simple as breakpointing in dev tools on "mousewheel", setting h.scale = 15, and then resuming. Massive cursor and massive fun. I'm sure people were wondering how I got mine so big. Considering it was clamped to 1.

I've thought about injecting a non-zero number to crash the app or perhaps inject some XSS to run some fun code on everyone's machine but...I decided to be nice and not literally crash the party. ;-)

All that's needed to fix this "exploit" is to properly sanitize data on the way in. Classic example of why sanitizing I/O is important!

All in all-- fun app OP.


Agreed. The title should be neutralized to something like “Elon Musk offers to purchase Twitter for $43B”


This is common in modern embedded devices. Sometimes they're called eFuses.

https://imxdev.gitlab.io/tutorial/Burning_eFuses_on_i.MX/


Yeap, I think the Xbox 360 was the first (or one of the first) to implement this protection back in 2005 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxjpmc8ZIxM


Wii and PS3 too :)


Has there been any research on reseting these fuses via fault injection attacks?


These fuses are inside the CPU itself. They are programmed in a sense much like the firmware itself is.

These fuses have always been around in microcontrollers. They are used to configure various aspects of the microcontroller operations, like startup sequences, whether or not the contents of the chip can be read out, is their voltage monitoring (brownout detection) enabled, is there a watchdog timer enabled which could reset the chip automatically if needed, etc.

It is common that fuses like this can only be set to progressively stricter settings. And the only way to reset the fuses is to erase the entire chip, firmware and all. It sounds like these fuses in the Nvidia dont even allow this.


I believe it's irreversible, they need to be replaced not reset.


If it could be reset, it'd be a breaker, not a fuse. ;)


The fuses aren't being protected from modifications by the firmware, but they are physically burnt - no way to reverse that.


Yes, and they are part of the SoC so there is also no way to "replace" them.


There have been attacks against eFuses implemented as flash by way of decapping and using UV light. (I'm on mobile and don't have links at hand. Sorry!)


The article that gp linked mentions that it's stored in non-volatile memory that supposedly is "programmable" only once. Obviously, it depends on the chipset, but how is non-reversibility guaranteed in this case?


From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_ROM#Programming :

The bit cell is programmed by applying a high-voltage pulse not encountered during a normal operation across the gate and substrate of the thin oxide transistor (around 6 V for a 2 nm thick oxide, or 30 MV/cm) to break down the oxide between gate and substrate. The positive voltage on the transistor's gate forms an inversion channel in the substrate below the gate, causing a tunneling current to flow through the oxide. The current produces additional traps in the oxide, increasing the current through the oxide and ultimately melting the oxide and forming a conductive channel from gate to substrate.

So, basically, they intentionally apply an out-of-spec voltage on the cell's output port, overloading the gate and causing a permanent short to ground. The cell always reads as 0 afterwards.


Ah, the "melting" part is what makes it irreversible. Thanks.


I don't see the "non-volatile" part at first, sorry about that. I guess non-volatile just means the data persists across resets, not necessarily that the fuses are stored in flash or something that can be modified.


yup, Samsung Phones have them as well.

a clever but despicable tool.


I think he’s implying that the investment of time must be so large to do something like this that it couldn’t just be a hobby.


And hide the White House's like to dislike ratio. Check out some videos-- the ratio is horrible: https://www.youtube.com/c/WhiteHouse/videos


Sounds like they're taking "you're not allowed to disagree" from 1984 to heart.


Here’s what the White House has to say:

https://twitter.com/jasonrantz/status/1449144813291331588

Source article: Psaki Defends Rising Prices: ‘Good Thing’ Because It Means ‘More People Are Buying Goods’ https://www.dailywire.com/news/psaki-defends-rising-prices-g...


That's like saying KGB officers are just following orders. They're complicit implementors.


YouTube makes opinionated decisions about what gets in their search results. They edit their search results and have a team that decides that goes on the front page. That's editing. YouTube is a publisher.


Nope! None of that is relevant, even remotely, in determining what a publisher is. YouTube is a platform.


Please explain. All you said said was “I disagree”.


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