That sugar however is produced by the body itself.
Technically speaking, dietary requirement for sugar is 0. This doesn't mean it isn't useful to have some, but it definitely shouldn't be the basis of the food pyramid.
Staples, but eaten in very small quantity, at least in France. As for Italy, Italians actually have massive problems with obesity, especially in children, precisely due to their consumption of bread and pasta. Traditional Italian diet is massive on vegetables, fruit and meat (fish and pork in particular), with bread and pasta being basically side dishes. But that is not what Italians are eating now, and so they've gotten sick as well.
Carbohydrates do cause insulin resistance and diabetes. India has average BMI of 21,9, yet has very high incidence of diabetes - largely thanks to its carbohydrate-based diet.
I have IBS, and what I did was literally that I kept a list of foods and symptoms they cause me.
Turns out, carbohydrate-rich foods cause me massive issues, too much protein causes me some issues. Saturated fat is the least damaging to my gut health, followed my monounsaturated fats. Polyunsaturated fats and carbohydrates are the devil I have to avoid, no questions asked.
Recently I was diagnosed with autoimmune and had to follow AOP diet.
It was very promising in the exclusion phase - cutting gluten and dairy eliminated all the symptoms for 3 months. Per protocol I also excluded other things like nightshades, nuts/seeds, grains. But after 3 months, while adding things back, even in small amounts, one by one, got all the symptoms back, being more severe, and after excluding things again, symptoms are not going away completely. I think that our body is a very complex system, distributed in some sense, with delayed and cascade effects that are really hard to "debug".
This is dairy/meat-industry misinformation. Both industries really don't want you to give up those foods, so they pay to sway studies. If you want to know the truth about saturated fat, ask your cardiologist which foods they think contribute to cholesterol, high blood pressure, and therefore CVD.
Also, red meat isn't a known carcinogen. Processed meat is. And plaque formation in arteries is a consequence of inflammation... which is caused by sugar, a.k.a. carbohydrates. Insulin resistance is also a consequence of increased carbohydrate consumption.
But as I said, it is a combination of fats and carbs that is the worst killed. Eliminating either one of those from the diet leads to an automatic improvement.