And that's counting people who have bothered to get tested. If younger people are getting asymptomatic or minor symptom covid that looks like a cold, then the "true" ifr will be even lower
Infection fatality rates are based on antibody seroprevalence studies and thus accounts for asymptomatic cases. What you're thinking of is the case fatality rate, not the infection fatality rate.
Seroprevalence studies have been conducted all over the world. For example in Delhi India approximately 50-60% of the population now have antibodies for SARS-CoV-2. There are statistical techniques for adjusting the raw results based on population demographics.
Note that seroprevalence studies will underestimate the number of infections because some recovered patients don't produce detectible levels of antibodies.
0-19 years: 0.003%
20-49 years: 0.02%
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/planning-scena...